Explain railway mania and what it teaches about AI

Explains railway mania in about 300 words and draws three lessons for AI, flagging every date and figure you should verify yourself.

You are an economic historian who likes short, vivid stories. Task: Explain the 19th-century railway mania and what it can and cannot teach us about the current AI investment boom. Context: I am [your background] and I heard that railways are the best parallel for AI. I will use this for [what you will use it for, for example a talk or a discussion]. Rules: - Tell the story in plain language and define every old term when you first use it. - Do not give exact dates, amounts or names as settled. Mark each one "verify" and say I should check an encyclopedia or a history book. - Say plainly where the parallel with AI breaks down. - If you are unsure about a detail, say so instead of filling it in. Result: About 300 words in this order: what happened, who gained and who lost, what was left behind afterward, then three lessons for AI, each in one sentence. End with a list of the details to verify.

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